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Duma backs measures to attract international students

The Russian State Duma or parliament has backed additional measures aimed at attracting foreign students to study in domestic universities.

The bill simplifying the stay of foreign students in Russia and cutting a Russian language requirement was approved by the State Duma in the first reading on 18 November.

The bill is expected to go through on further readings as a formality and could be adopted as early as the middle of December.

Currently, foreign students receive a temporary residence permit (TRP) on a general basis within the quota established by the government and for a period of three years.

But the bill, which was developed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, will allow the issuance of a TRP at the request of a foreign student for the entire period of their study and the next 180 days.

In addition, foreign applicants will be exempted from the need to confirm proficiency in the Russian language, knowledge of the history of Russia and the basics of Russian legislation, as well as the requirement to submit annual notifications of residence.

They will also receive the right to obtain a residence permit in the Russian Federation in a simplified manner within three years of graduation. In case of expulsion from the university, the TRP will be cancelled if the student does not transfer to another university within 30 days.

Originally the proposal had been to allow students to stay on for three years after graduation, as reported by University World News, but this was revised down to 180 days.

According to data of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, at present about 300,000 students from abroad study in Russia. Most foreigners come to study in Russia from the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (particularly those located in Central Asia) and China.

The explanatory note to the bill said that 265,056 foreign students were registered as being in Russia in 2020.

This did not include any who had left the country temporarily, for example, to return home to visit family, since all foreign students leaving Russia during their studies must be removed from the register at the place of residence and register once again when returning to the country.

However, representatives of universities are often untimely in submitting information about the arrival of their foreign students, which has often led to the students facing difficulties.

The new bill abolishes this norm and migration procedures will only need to be followed if foreigners leave Russia during their studies for a period of more than six months.

A spokesman for the Russian State Duma said: “The amendments made to the law will relieve the burden both on the state bodies dealing with foreign students in Russia and universities themselves.”

In the meantime, representatives of leading Russian higher education institutions have already welcomed the new state initiative.

Ivan Prostakov, vice-rector of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, told University World News: “Our university, together with other Russian universities, has promoted this legislative initiative and we welcome it, because the simplification of bureaucratic procedures makes our country more attractive for foreign students.”

He said the introduction of the new rules will correspond to the existing visa and migration practices of many countries that are trying to secure qualified labour resources and fully fit into the logic of the initiative recently adopted by the Russian government, ‘Russia is an attractive country for study and work’.

He said fears that applicants will not take the Russian language exam and that their level of training will be lower “seem to be groundless”.

“First, Russian universities are offering more and more programmes in English. Second, the quality of applicants does not depend on the current legislative norms, but on the requirements that universities have and will present to applicants from abroad,” he said.

“Leading Russian universities, where the majority of foreign students study, are already actively involved in their adaptation to academic and extracurricular life.”

Anna Mezit, head of the department of international cooperation at the Siberian Federal University, told University World News that the effort to reduce the administrative burden for universities was important and timely.

But in light of Russia’s plans to make its higher education competitive and bring it to the global level, further work is needed, she said.

“There is still work to do to make the process of attracting foreigners to Russian universities more successful. One such option may involve creating a specialised online platform – a service that will link university international departments, the police and border control.

“While we agree that it is not necessary to pass the history of Russia and the Russian language [tests] for foreigners, it might be too early to issue a residence permit in a simplified format after their graduation. A residence permit is the penultimate step before obtaining citizenship. And this should be a conscious choice of a person,” she said.

“It is much more important to try to integrate foreign graduates. So, in many countries undergraduates are given another year after graduation, when they can safely stay in the country in order to find a job.”

Source: University World News

Government to launch new university accreditation system

The Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education is preparing a regulatory framework to introduce a new indicator-based accreditation system for universities. Currently, institutions are forced to obtain state accreditation every six years and they regularly complain about the laboriousness and complexity of the process.

The new system will be based on the assessment of universities against indicators, rather than on their programmes as under the current system. The ministry has already published the draft indicators that will be key to the new model of state accreditation, which should be operational from 1 March 2022.

State accreditation in Russia aims to measure and recognise higher education quality against Federal State Educational Standards, under a federal law that has been in effect since 2012. State accreditation is conducted by the Federal Service for the Supervision of Education and Science or Rosobrnadzor, a statutory body that oversees the sector.

According to Russia’s National Centre for Public Accreditation, state accreditation is mandatory for all higher education institutions. If successful, a university is awarded accreditation for six years. In the case of non-compliance with the standards, Rosobrnadzor can, among other actions, order an unscheduled inspection, or suspension or withdrawal of accreditation.

The system of accreditation allows universities to issue a state diploma, as well as to guarantee students respite from the army and other benefits.

A spokesperson for the Ministry of Science and Higher Education commented: “To maintain and develop the quality of education, we plan to conduct regular monitoring of universities for compliance with the specified indicators.”

Under the new system, the ministry plans to assess the average Unified State Exam (USE) score of incoming students, as well as the level of employment of graduates. The USE is a series of examinations that every student must pass after graduating from school in order to enter a university or a professional college.

Indicators will include: the “dynamics of competitive selection” over the past three years; the number of Olympiad winners and 100-point applicants (as a USE result) among students; the number of publications in leading domestic or foreign scientific publications; the amount of funds received from scientific activities; the rate of renewal of material and the technical base (at least once every three years); and “the provision of educational process with teaching staff”.

Backdrop

In 2018, as reported by University World News, 50 of Russia’s largest universities called on President Vladimir Putin to scrap the state accreditation system, calling it outdated, overly bureaucratic and failing to meet its initial objectives.

In an official letter to Putin, the universities said that the current system was implemented in 2012 and over the subsequent five years cleared the market of unscrupulous institutions.

However, their petition said, as reported by University World News: “In the absence of an established system of independent assessment of the quality of higher education in Russia, state accreditation is often limited by only checking the conditions necessary for the implementation of educational activities, repeating the licensing procedures, being purely documentary.

“Experts conducting inspections often do not have sufficient qualification and reputation for making independent decisions regarding the scientific potential of a particular university and the quality of its educational programmes.”

Happy noises from universities

Representatives from two leading universities welcomed the new accreditation approach.

Denis Guts, deputy head of academic affairs at the Siberian Federal University (SibFU), commented to University World News: “We have never lived in the concept of ‘once every six years’ before.

“SibFU implements about 500 basic educational programmes, which are constantly ‘tuned’ in accordance with existing realities and the requirements of potential employers. We are not just ready for ‘accreditation in a new way’, but already achieved a similar system – but with more stringent conditions.

“At the Siberian Federal University, the project ‘Hybrid-adaptive management system of educational programmes’ is being implemented. The essence of the approach is precisely that education cannot be linear and frozen, but instead of this, hybrid and flexible and able to adapt to current realities.”

Anyway, said Guts, the accreditation system being introduced by the ministry “is assessed positively and, moreover, looks like a trend and a timely response to changes in society”.

An expert at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE), one of Russia’s leading universities, is also optimistic about the state initiative.

Nadezhda Knyaginina, a research fellow of the Education Law Laboratory in the Institute of Education at HSE, told University World News in an interview: “It should be understood that the current specific indicators, which were prepared by the state, are already a big step forward compared to how it was implemented in the previous accreditation model.

“Previously, the university had to guess which line of dozens, if not hundreds, of federal, extremely abstract state educational standards could lead to the loss of its accreditation. The current link to monitoring changes the situation: the indicators are fixed, they are defined specifically, and they are the same for everyone.

“This means that a situation is not allowed where one university loses its accreditation for something that, in other universities, is not seriously considered as a violation by our regulators. We are moving away from subjective assessments.”

Source: University World News

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